Where did Roman babies poop?
Today in "what has been bugging Kristina for no good reason..." I started thinking about Roman babies (as I am missing mine while in the field) and wondering if the Romans had diapers. After all, by the Imperial period, they'd invented flush toilets, so why not pinned cloth diapers? But my internet connection at work is not terribly reliable, and I couldn't wait to get back to the apartment, so I posted the question to Twitter and Facebook.
A slew of classicists responded on Twitter, and Facebook gave me more of an anthropological view -- namely, in many parts of the world, today and in the past, babies simply didn't wear anything. They pooped and peed when and where they needed to. Not to be ethnocentric or arrogant on the part of the Romans, but considering Imperial Rome was huge and urban, and considering their understanding of toilets, hygiene, and the like, I didn't think mothers (or nurses or slaves; probably not dads, of course) would go for the always-pooping infant.
Here are some of the bits I gleaned from crowdsourcing this question... no definitive answer, but a bunch of directions to go in:
Jane Draycott (@JLDraycott), Roman historian and archaeologist, chimed in with a bunch of tweets:
A slew of classicists responded on Twitter, and Facebook gave me more of an anthropological view -- namely, in many parts of the world, today and in the past, babies simply didn't wear anything. They pooped and peed when and where they needed to. Not to be ethnocentric or arrogant on the part of the Romans, but considering Imperial Rome was huge and urban, and considering their understanding of toilets, hygiene, and the like, I didn't think mothers (or nurses or slaves; probably not dads, of course) would go for the always-pooping infant.
Here are some of the bits I gleaned from crowdsourcing this question... no definitive answer, but a bunch of directions to go in:
Jane Draycott (@JLDraycott), Roman historian and archaeologist, chimed in with a bunch of tweets:
- "The Roman Toilet Handbook has sections on chamber pots, children's toilet habits, & a photo of a child's potty!"
- "The most recent research on Roman swaddling: [by Emma-Jayne Graham] http://www.open.ac.uk/people/eg4439 ."
- "Soranus talks about the correct form of swaddling, and there are lots of swaddled baby votive terracottas."
Caroline Wazer, a PhD student in ancient history at Columbia (@CarolineWazer), found an image of a nursing mother on a Roman sarcophagus: "Here's a nursing mother & baby on a 2nd c sarcophagus at the Louvre. Tunic/diaper combo? pic.twitter.com/C76NdTL6of."
And Sarah Bond (@SarahEBond), a Roman historian, offered: "Oh wait! I remember the Greek word: spargana. Also, Pliny talked about diaper rash one time, I think. I can't remember the book/chapter."
I echo what classicist Liz Gloyn (@LizGloyn) said on Twitter: "Watching @DrKillgrove sourcing information about ancient Roman baby nappies = another reason classics!academic!twitter is brilliant." But I also wonder what else we don't really know about the Roman world... clearly, we need much more feminist research into classical antiquity. Asking what Roman babies pooped in is a deceptively simple question, but one that classicists (who tended to be upper class males for the last couple hundred years) and the ancient historians themselves (who tended to be upper class males, of course) haven't seemed to bother with. What other questions about the lives of babies might we be able to answer?


Comments
Loving this style of post too, I really like that you've just posed the question and compiled some resources for further study!
http://www.jstor.org/stable/25067974
"Sella Cacatoria: A Study of the Potty in Archaic and Classical Athens." Kathleen M. Lynch and John K. Papadopoulos.
Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens
Vol. 75, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 2006), pp. 1-32
And thanks, Alexis. This is not my usual kind of post, but I'm too busy in the field to put up more than just a question!
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Proper-Parenting-Ancient-Rome-Consciousness/dp/0595429777